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Manufacturing services · Chapter D · Method 21

Waterjet cutting

Ultra-high-pressure water, usually with garnet abrasive, erodes a narrow cut through almost any material with no heat-affected zone.

Abrasive waterjet cutting in progress.
Abrasive waterjet cutting in progress. Representative process photo · STM Stein-Moser GmbH · CC BY 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons

How it works

Waterjet cutting, step by step.

A labelled schematic of the process (not to scale), and the four steps every job goes through.

Labelled diagram showing how waterjet cutting works
Schematic · not to scale. Drawn by TCI Group.
STEP 01

Pressurise

An intensifier pump raises water pressure.

STEP 02

Mix abrasive

Garnet is drawn into the jet in the cutting head.

STEP 03

Cut

The jet erodes the material; a tank catches the energy.

STEP 04

Clean

Rinse, dry and deburr.

Reference figures

What to expect.

Typical industry values to help you plan. We agree the figures for your part on the drawing.

Tolerance±0.25 mmTop face
HeatNoneNo hardening or warping
ThicknessThick plateTaper on bottom face
MaterialsAlmost anyMetal, stone, rubber, glass
MaterialsMetals, stone, glass, composites, rubber, foam and thick plastics.
FinishesSatin edge with vertical striations; frosted edges on clear plastics.
Design guidance
  • Allow for taper on thick sections.
  • Small holes may be slightly larger at the top.
  • Use for heat-sensitive materials.
Best suited toGaskets, thick plate, stone, composites and rubber sheet parts.
Watch-outsSlower than laser on thin sheet; wet process.

More in chapter D

Other methods in Sheet & tube

Next step

Not sure this is the right route?

Send a sketch, photo, sample or CAD file with your quantity and target date. We will recommend the most sensible route and explain the trade-offs before quoting.

Reference figures are typical published industry values for planning, not a guarantee; final tolerances, materials and finishes are agreed in writing for each project.